FD vs RD — Kaunsa Behtar?

Bachat ke do sabse aam aur surakshit tarike hain — FD (Fixed Deposit) aur RD (Recurring Deposit). Dono bank/post-office me hote, dono surakshit, par inka tarika alag hai. Is guide me samjhenge kaunsa aapke liye behtar. Neeche dono calculator bhi hain.

FD kya hai

FD me aap ek saath ek badi rakam (jaise ₹1 lakh) ek tay samay ke liye jama karte hain, aur us par fixed byaj milta hai. Jinke paas ekmusht paisa hai, unke liye FD achhi.

RD kya hai

RD me aap har mahine ek chhoti tay rakam (jaise ₹2,000) jama karte hain, kuch saal tak. Jinke paas ek saath bada paisa nahi, par har mahine thoda bacha sakte, unke liye RD behtar.

Kaunsa kab behtar

• Ekmusht paisa hai (bonus, savings) → FD
• Har mahine thoda bacha sakte → RD
• Dono surakshit, dono me byaj fixed
• Zaroorat par dono tod sakte (thodi penalty)

Calculator kaise use karein

1. FD: rakam + byaj + saal → maturity
2. RD: monthly + byaj + saal → maturity

FAQ

Byaj kaise banta hai — dono me farak

FD me poori rakam pehle din se kaam karne lagti hai, isliye us par poore samay ka byaj milta hai. RD me har mahine ki kist alag-alag din jama hoti hai — pehli kist ko 5 saal ka byaj milta hai, par aakhri kist ko sirf ek mahine ka. Isi wajah se ek hi rakam aur ek hi dar par FD ka kul byaj RD se zyada nikalta hai. Ye baat samajhna zaroori hai, warna log sochte hain ki bank RD me kam byaj de raha hai — jabki dar wahi hoti hai, bas paisa kam samay ke liye laga hota hai.

Zyadatar bank dono par quarterly compounding karte hain — har teen mahine ka byaj mool rakam me jud jaata hai aur agle quarter me badhi hui rakam par byaj lagta hai.

Tax ka poora hisaab

FD aur RD dono ka byaj aapki income me judta hai aur slab ke hisaab se tax lagta hai. Ek saal me byaj ek tay limit paar kare to bank TDS kaat leta hai — aam taur par 10%, aur PAN na dene par isse kaafi zyada.

Ek galatfehmi ye bhi hai ki TDS kat gaya to tax poora ho gaya. Aisa nahi hai — TDS sirf advance vasooli hai. Agar aapka slab 20% ya 30% hai to baaki tax aapko ITR bharte waqt dena hoga.

Todne par kya hota hai

Zaroorat pade to FD/RD beech me tod sakte hain, par do nuksan hote hain — penalty (aam taur par 0.5% to 1%) aur byaj dar us samay tak ki dar par mil jaati hai, jo poori avadhi wali dar se kam hoti hai.

Isse bachne ka ek aasaan tarika hai — laddering. ₹5 lakh ki ek FD banane ki jagah ₹1-1 lakh ki 5 FD banayein. Zaroorat padne par sirf ek todni padegi, baaki 4 chalti rahengi aur unka byaj bacha rahega.

Kis ke liye kya sahi hai

• Bonus ya ekmusht paisa mila: FD
• Salary se har mahine bachat karni hai: RD
• Emergency fund: FD (sweep-in wali behtar — zaroorat par turant nikal jaata hai)
• Bachche ki fees ya shaadi jaisa 1-3 saal ka lakshya: dono theek
• 10 saal ka lakshya: sirf FD/RD par nirbhar mat rahein — mehngai ko maat dena mushkil hoga

Suraksha ki baat

Har bank me aapki jama rakam par ₹5 lakh tak DICGC ka insurance hota hai (mool + byaj milakar, ek hi bank ke saare khaate jodkar). Isliye badi rakam ek hi bank me rakhne ki jagah 2-3 banko me baantna zyada surakshit hai. Chhote co-operative bank thodi zyada dar dete hain, par wahan risk bhi zyada hota hai — badi rakam wahan rakhne se pehle soch lein.